Maharashtra board std 9th English Kumar Bharti solutions unit 1

Maharashtra board std 9th English Kumar Bharti solutions

Unit 1 (1.1 Life )

MAHARASHTRA BOARD 9TH STD ENGLISH BAL BHARATI SOLUTIONS Unit 1

Textbook Questions and Answers
Warming Up:
1. There are many popular lines like:‘life Is a game – play ft well’.‘life Is a Journey – keep going ahead’.

Discuss and write down a few such metaphorical lines about ‘life’. You can make them up yourselves.

1. …………………………….. .2. …………………………….. .3. …………………………….. .4. …………………………….. .5. …………………………….. .

Discuss and write down a few metaphorical lines about life, like the two lines given on page 2 of the textbook.

(Some examples)
Life is a movie – enjoy it to the full.Life is a short picnic – relish it.Life is a see-saw – sometimes up, sometimes down.

Prepare as many acrostics as you can, using the word ‘LIFE’.

(Some examples)1. LoveInspirationFriendshipEnjoyment
2. LivelyInterestingFascinatingEnchanting

3. Listen carefully and write the word in the appropriate column.

Teacher: hopeful, lonely, happy, jealous, surprised, shy, loving, proud, cheerful, anxious, nervous, excited, embarrassed, scared, silly, comfortable, peaceful, depressed, enthusiastic, motivated, inspired, threatened, crushed, angry Note that it is possible to feel both kinds of emotions at the same time. Have you experienced it? Try to describe the situation in short.

Listen carefully to the words spoken by the teacher and write them in the appropriate columns :

(The answer is given directly.)Answer:
Positive Feelings Negative Feelingshopeful, excited, happy, surprised, loving, cheerful, comfortable, peaceful, enthusiastic, motivated, inspired. lonely, jealous, shy, proud, anxious, nervous, embarrassed, scared, silly, depressed, angry, threatened, crushed

1. Pick out from the extract two lines each that reflect an optimistic (positive) attitude and pessimistic (negative) attitude.

Optimism :1. …………… .2. ……………. .
Pessimism :1. …………….. .2. …………….. .

Answers

Optimism :
Foretells a pleasant day.But these are transient all.
Pessimism :
Oft a little morning rain.Sometimes there are clouds of gloom.
(Note: These lines cannot actually be called pessimistic. The poetess looks on problems as temporary and feels that any difficulties we face always foretell a happy future. There are no lines that are absolutely pessimistic.)

2. Give other ‘-ly’ adverbs of similar meaning for the following. Use a thesaurus if needed.

(a) rapidly → ……………… .(b) merrily → ……………… .(c) gratefully → ………………(d) cheerily → ……………… .(e) manfully → ……………… .(f) fearlessly → ……………… .(g) gloriously → ……………… .(h) victoriously → ……………… .

Answers

(a) rapidly → swiftly(b) merrily → cheerfully(c) gratefully → thankfully(d) cheerily → happily(e) manfully → bravely(f) fearlessly → courageously(g) gloriously → wonderfully(h) victoriously → triumphantly

Pick out two examples of interrogation (rhetorical questions) from the extract. Explain in your own words the point that each one makes.

Answer:

Interrogation ,Explanation1. What though death at times steps in, And calls our Best away?If death, at times takes away the people we love most, we must accept it and hope for better times.2. What though sorrow seems to win, O’er hope a heavy sway? It does not matter if we are overcome by sorrow and hope seems to be far away.

Explain the metaphor in the following lines :

1. Oft a little morning rain ………………….Foretells a pleasant day …………….2. SometImes there are clouds……………..3. … the shower wifi make the roses bloom …………..4. life’s sunny hours flit by ……………
Oft a little morning rainForetells a pleasant day.Answer:If we have difficulties at some stage, there will be joyous times following it. Difficulties are implicitly compared to rain and joyous times to a pleasant day.
Sometimes there are clouds.Answer:Sometimes there are problems. Problems are implicitly compared to clouds.
……. the shower will make the roses bloom.Answer:The problems we face will make for better times ahead. Problems are implicitly compared to the showers of rain and better times Eire implicitly compared to roses blooming.
Life’s sunny hours flit by.Answer:The happy times of our life go by very quickly. Here, the happy times are implicitly compared to sunny hours.

Pick out four examples of personification from the extract. Write what is personified in each.

Answer:
‘Death steps in.’ Death is personified.‘Sorrow seems to win.’ Sorrow is personified.‘Yet Hope again elastic springs, Unconquered though she fell.’ Hope is personified.‘Can courage quell despair!’ Courage is personified.
‘And calls our Best away’ is a gentle way of expressing the unpleasant idea of a loved one dying. It is an example of euphemism. Think and write down 3 or 4 ways in which we can express the idea of ‘death’ in a tactful and gentle manner.Answer:
The person has left for his heavenly abode.He/She has gone to meet his/her Maker.He/She has become the beloved of God.He/She has completed his work on this earth.

4. ‘…………. and that’s how I realised that courage and hope can help me overcome any major mishap/problem in life.’ Write an episode/experience from your own life that leads to the above conclusion.

I am a lover of sports. My favourite game is football. I wanted to play in my school team, and right from the age of eleven, I had been practising very sincerely.
Then one unfortunate day, when I was twelve, I fell down the stairs of my building and fractured my leg , badly. I was devastated. How could I play my favourite game? How could I make it to the team? Would my leg ever become completely alright again? Would I be I able to run around and kick the ball as before? I felt that my world had ended.
This was the time when my family gave me their full support. My grandparents helped me to while away the long hours; my parents made nutritious food for me and saw to the medical treatment. My sister, who is four years older than me, gave me sound advice and courage. She understood what I was going through.
She told me of various people who had suffered terrible disasters and had risen I above them. She brought me videos of umpteen cases where the mind had won over the body. She made me read biographies of achievers like Wilma Rudolph and Sudha Chandran. She made me do my exercises regularly and keep in touch with my sport. Slowly but surely, I regained courage and confidence.
Believe it or not, two years later I made it to my football team! My doctor and my family said that it was optimism and a positive attitude that had helped me recover completely. And that’s how I realized that courage and hope can help me (or anybody) overcome any major mishap/problem in life.

5. Read: ‘The Psalm of Life’ – a poem by H. W. Longfellow.

It is possible to feel both kinds of emotions at the same time. Have you experienced it? Try to describe such a situation in short.(An example is given below.)
Yes, I have experienced it. Once, when I stood first in class and got excellent marks in Science and Maths, my parents gave a party. All my friends were also present. My father gave a speech praising me. At that time, I was happy as well as embarrassed.

Say whether the following statements are True or False :

The sages say that life is a dark dream. TrueThe clouds of gloom are permanent. FalseWe must enjoy the happy hours of our life. TrueLife’s sunny hours flit by quickly. True

What do the sages say?

The sages say that life is a dark dream.

What does the rain often foretell?

The rain often foretells a pleasant day.

What should we do during joyful times in life?

We should enjoy the joyful times of our life gratefully and cheerfully.

Complete the following :

We should not be unhappy when we have difficulties because
We should not be unhappy when we have difficulties because these difficulties are temporary. If we have difficulties at some stage in our lives, there will be joyous times following it later.

Pick out an example of interrogation (rhetorical question) from the extract. Explain j in your own words the point that it makes.

InterrogationIf the shower will make the roses bloom, Oh, why lament its fall? If a little rain helps the roses to flower, we should not feel unhappy about it. This means that we must not express regret for the difficulties we face in life.

Complete the following :

(The answers are given directly and underlined.)
1. One should bear the day of trial courageously and fearlessly.2. The wings of hope are golden and buoyant, (strong, elastic)

Does sorrow actually win over hope, according to the poet?

No. Though hope is temporarily defeated, it springs up again and helps us to bear the days of trials.

Who does ‘Our Best’ refer to?

‘Our Best’ refers to those whom we love and cherish the most.

Why are the wings of hope ‘golden’?

Gold is the colour of optimism. The wings of hope are golden because hope helps us bear up withour problems and suppress despair.

Write an appreciation of this poem. With the help of given points in paragraph format :

Note: The point format given for Appreciation of Poem is for easy understanding. However, it is to be written in I the form of a paragraph in the examination.Answer:Point Format(for understanding)

Title: LifePoet: Charlotte BronteRhyme Scheme: abcb in the first stanza, and abab in all the remaining stanzas.Figures of Speech: ‘What though death at times steps in’. The figure of speech is Personification, Death is given the human quality of ‘stepping in’.The other important figures of speech are Metaphor and Interrogation (Rhetorical Questions).Theme/Central idea: This is a motivating and optimistic poem. The poet says that the bad things of life are transient, and good things invariably follow them.Hope will rescue us and help us to bear our trials, even during times of great adversity. We must be optimistic, and have the courage to overcome any mishaps or problems.
Paragraph Format:

The poem ‘Life’ is by Charlotte Bronte. It is a motivating and optimistic poem. The Rhyme Scheme is abcb for the first stanza and abab in all remaining stanzas. There are many figures of speech e.g. Personification ‘What though death at times steps in’. Here, death is given the human quality of ‘stepping in’. The other important figures of speech are Metaphor and Interrogation (Rhetorical Questions).
The poetess says that the bad things of life are temporary. Good things invariably follow it. Even during times of great adversity, hope will rescue us and help us to bear our trials. We must look at the positive side of life, and have the courage to overcome any mishaps or problems. The poem makes one feel good and is easy to understand.

1.2 A Synopsis – The Swiss Family Robinson

Textbook Questions and AnswersWarming Up:

1. Do you know any stories about people who were lost in uninhabited places and were later rescued? Name them.

(Some examples: Captain Nemo, Gulliver, Robinson Crusoe, etc.)

Think of one of your favourite interesting stories and fill in/draw an outline-chart like the one shown below.

Title of the story: Crooked HouseAuthor: Agatha Christie
Change/problem/challenge: To find out the person who murdered rich Mr. Leonides.Scene 1: The narrator, Charles, meets Sophia, the girl whom he wants to marry.Scene 2: Sophia’s grandfather, the rich Mr. Leonides, is murdered. Sophia will not marry Charles till the murderer is found.Scene 3: Charles tries to help Scotland Yard in the investigation.Scene 4: Family secrets tumble out. Everybody seems to be a possible killer.Scene 5: There is an accident to a member of the family and another death. Everyone is tense and there is suspicion all around.Climax: The mystery is solved, with a thrilling climax.(Students may write as many scenes as there are in the story after reading some stories.)

Find the meaning of ‘anticlimax’.

‘Anticlimax’ with reference to stories means a disappointing or tame end to an exciting story or an impressive, thrilling series of events.

3. Divide the class into groups of 4-6. Each group selects for itself, one of the difficult situations listed below. Each group imagine themselves to be in that situation.

Describe their surroundings in 4-5 sentences.

Write the reactions of the companions using exclamations.

Using your imagination, write what is the only ray of hope for them.

Two members of the group are going out to try to get help. They can take any five things with them. Write what they choose, and why they choose it.

(a) marooned on an island: A group of people are marooned on an island in the middle of the ocean.(Points: Tiny island – 10 people marooned- only water all around – cannot be drunk – but small freshwater lake on island – some afraid, some hopeful, some ill – ray of hope is that there are plenty of fruit trees and vegetables – see land in the distance – they plan to make a reft – two people to go for help – take food, water, some medicines, etc. – make fire on island – see some planes go by)

(b) lost in a forest: A group of people walking through a thick jungle have lost their way.
Answer:1. Oh, look at these huge trees, with so many leaves – there is barely any sunlight at the bottom here! What are those queer noises? There seem to be thousands of creepy-crawly insects and birds! What if there are poisonous snakes? Dangerous carnivorous animals?2. “Ouch! What was that!” said Reena.3. “Oh my God! Are there tigers and lions here?” said Mohan.4. “Someone please save me!” shrieked Ria.3. The only ray of hope was the probable return of the guide before the sun went down. He would then take us to our camp, which was a safe haven, with boundary walls and guards.

Mohan and Sandeep are going for help. They will take a lantern and matches, in case it gets dark? before they can get help. They will take stout sticks to protect themselves from animals, and food and water to keep themselves from starving. They will also take one of the whistles to tell us where they are.(c) stranded on the highway: A team of players from an office have got down at the wrong place on a highway at night. It is a lonely spot.(Points: Five people – chess players – though highway lit by lights, no humans or cars in sight – suddenly see a group of men on motorcycles – players afraid they are thieves – try to hide – successful – plan to remain in hiding – two members will walk along the road – other two will follow at a distance – carry sticks, stones, etc.)
English Workshop :

1. Two separate words combine together to make a new word with a different meaning. They form Compound Words. Using a dictionary, find the meanings of the following compound words.

armloads …………… .footprints …………….. .driftwood ……………. .fireplace ……………… .cross – currents ……… .spyglass …………… .

2. The following words can be used as nouns as well as verbs. Make two sentences of your own, using them as a noun in one and a verb in another.

(b) value :(a) Noun – Do you know the value of this land?(b) Verb – We must value our senior citizens, for they have a lot of experience.
(c) knot.(a) Noun – There was a big knot in the wire we had bought.(b) Verb – Can you please knot these two ribbons together?
(d) travel.
(a) Noun – Train travel can be a very interesting experience.(b) Verb – I travel regularly to foreign countries.
(e) return.
(a) Noun – The return of the lost boy brought happiness to everyone.(b) Verb – Please return the book to me soon.
(f) reach.
(a) Noun – Our goal was within reach when our leader gave up.(b) Verb – Reach the appointed place on time, please.
(i) mark.
(a) Noun – The tight elastic has left a mark on my arm.(b) Verb – The teacher asked Rohan to mark the swampy area neatly with chalk.

3. Given in a mixed order below are some good human attributes of the family. Pick out each from the box and write it against each line that reflects it.

(a) The father told Fritz, the gourds would make excellent bowls and spoons and they cut them into various utensils …………..(b) After some days, Elizabeth informed that she wanted the family to move to a safer place. …………..(c) Thinking ahead of winter, father decided to create a place safe from the elements …………..(d) Father taught the boys geometry and how to use triangles to measure big objects. …………..(e) ………….. he believed, his daughter was still alive, after three years.(f) Ten years had passed and the young boys grew to be young men and their parents were proud of them …………(g) Fritz felt that someone needed his help and he was determined to find the sender …………..

Answer:

(a) The father told Fritz that the gourds would make excellent bowls and spoons and they cut them into various utensils, resourcefulness.(b) After some days Elizabeth informed them that she wanted the family to move to a safer place. cautiousness.(c) Thinking ahead of winter, father decided to create a place safe from the elements. foresight.(d) Father taught the boys geometry and how to use triangles to measure big objects, knowledge and its application.(e) …… he believed his daughter was still alive, after three years, perseverance and positive attitude.(f) Ten years had passed and the young boys grew to be young men and their parents were proud of them, family bonds.(g) Fritz felt that someone needed his help and he was determined to find the sender. humanity and sensitivity.

4. Write in your own words, how the Robinson family made each of their homes.

First home:

Answer:The Robinson family’s first home was a tent on the island. They cut and spread armloads of grass to serve as their beds and soften the floor of the tent.

Second home :

Answer:Their second home was a tree whose trunk was nearly 40 ft. in diameter. The branches were long and extended straight out from the trunk, making them perfect platforms for a structure. After determining the height of the lowest branch from the ground, they made a ladder. They discovered how to make candles. They also made a sledge to help them transport materials.

Third home :

Answer:The Robinson family’s third home was a cave they carved out in the rock abutting their camping site. They made an opening on the smooth face of the rock. Then they cut windows in the rock to allow for cross-currents of air and sunlight to enter the cave. They made four rooms, complete with a fireplace. They hung a huge oil lamp at the top of a bamboo pole for light. This was their winter home, a place safe from the elements and a strong storage spot to protect themselves and their belongings.

Fourth home :

Answer:They used four strong trees growing in a square near one another as the foundation for their fourth home. The trees were of equal size, approximately twelve feet apart. Thus they built another safe home.

5. Expand the following ideas in a paragraph or two:

1. Where there is a will, there is a way.

2. Courage and resourcefulness are the keys to overcome problems.

Answers-Where there is a will, there is a way.
This proverb means that if one really wants to do something, one can. If we read the biographies of great men and women like Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, Mother Teresa and Abraham Lincoln, we will find that it is their strong will which has helped them overcome great difficulties and setbacks, and helped them find a way to achieve their goals.
All of us wish to achieve many things in life, but we may not succeed. When this happens, we tend to blame our luck, our circumstances and our fate. We do not realize that the fault lies within us. Every student thinks that getting a high score in examinations is beyond his or her capacity.
But if a student resolves firmly to achieve his or her goal and works towards it sincerely and wholeheartedly, he or she is certain to achieve success. If one comes across any obstacle and can’t climb over it, one must walk around it. There is always a way, if there is the will!

Courage and resourcefulness are the keys i to overcome problems.

When we talk of courage and resourcefulness, the first person that comes to my mind is the dancer i and actress Sudha Chandran. Sudha Chandran, a Bharatnatyam dancer, did not let an accident come in the way of achieving her dreams. At the age of seventeen, she met with an accident which resulted in the amputation of one , leg, below the knee. To any ordinary person, this would have meant the end of a dancing career.
But Sudha took it as a challenge with an artificial leg, she began to dance again. Today her story is the story of inspiration for many. We have only to look around us at the cancer survivors to realize how courage can help us overcome i all odds and achieve our goals in life. We must never give up hope; if one way seems too difficult, we must ! think of the other ways available. All we need is renewed determination and effort and we will finally succeed.
Choose any novel/book that you enjoyed. Prepare a synopsis of the novel. It should include the major events and the links between them as described in the novel. You may prepare a chapterwise outline first, and then put the outlines together to write a brief synopsis. (An example is given below.)

Emma

‘Emma’ is the fourth novel by Jane Austen and centres round Emma Wood house, a twenty-one year-old rich and clever young woman. Emma is an heiress who lives with her widowed father at their estate, Hatfield, in the small village of High bury. The novel is about Emma’s misplaced confidence in I her matchmaking abilities, which results in several misunderstandings and romantic episodes.

The major part of the book focuses on the topic of marriage who will marry whom and why. At the centres of the narration is the protagonist of the novel, Emma Wood house. ‘Emma’ is a novel dealing with courtship, social manners and social distinctions. Although Emma is i convinced she will never marry, she believes she is an excellent matchmaker and that it is she who has arranged the recent marriage between her former governess, Miss Taylor, and the widower Mr. Weston.

The book begins with the reader being told that Emma, suddenly deprived of Miss Taylor’s companionship, is feeling lonely. Gradually, she decides to take an orphan Harriet Smith under her wings as a protege.
Emma decides that Harriet is a perfect match for the vicar, Mr. Elton, and discourages Harriet’s interest in Robert Martin, who she feels is not a ‘gentleman’ and is unworthy of Harriet. Encouraged by Emma, Harriet becomes infatuated with Mr. Elton; but Emma’s plans go wrong when Elton makes it clear that his love is for Emma, not Harriet. He had been spending time with Harriet merely to please Emma.

Elton, spurned by Emma and angry by her i assumption that Harriet is his equal, leaves and marries another girl almost immediately. Harriet, who is initially upset by this turn of affairs, later falls in love with Mr. Knightley, Emma’s special friend. Meanwhile, two new visitors arrive in Highbury- Jane Fairfax, a beautiful orphan, and Frank Churchill. the handsome son of Mr. Weston. Emma dislikes Jane, and flirts with Frank, but this interest does not last.
Frank leaves Highbury mysteriously, and it turns out that he and Jane have been engaged all along, j

Suddenly, Emma realizes that she loves Mr. Knightley. She confesses that she had never loved Frank. Mr. Knightley too professes his love for Emma. She is overjoyed and they decide to marry. Emma is later pleased to learn that Harriet has decided to marry Robert after all.
The novel thus concludes happily with three marriages; Jane and Frank, Harriet and Robert, and Emma and Mr. Knightley. After all her attempts to make suitable matches fail, Emma finally begins to realize the emptiness of social distinctions. By the end of the novel, Emma has learned her lesson without too much harm being done.

Read about the novel ‘Robinson Crusoe’ by Daniel Defoe and ‘Gulliver’s Travels’ by Jonathan Swift.

Complete the following statements :(The answers are given directly and underlined.)Answer:
The author of the novel is Johann David Wyss.The ship was caught in a great storm.The family found themselves within sight of a tropical desert island.The two dogs who came with them were Turk and Juno.

Describe how the family reached the tropical island.

The family constructed a boat out of tubs. They filled the boat with food and ammunition and all the other articles of value they could safely carry. Then they rowed towards the island.

Find the meanings of the following words :

evacuatedlivestocksynopsisreefAnswer:
evacuated – left the ship to save themselves.livestock – farm animals and birds (like cows, pigs, chickens, etc.) that are kept and used by people.synopsis – a brief summary or outline.reef – rocks, sand, etc. close to the surface of the sea.

Pick out the verbs in the following sentences and state their tenses :

1. William, Elizabeth and their children had been travelling in a ship.2. They decided to get to the island.

Answers-

1. had been travelling – past perfect continuous tense.2. decided – simple past tense.

The following words can be used as nouns as well as verbs. Make two sentences of your own, using them as a noun in one and a verb in another.

1. hold :2. (a) Noun – She has a strong hold over her children.3. (b) Verb – Let me hold the bag for you.

In what way is a work of fiction different from a fact file?

In a work of fiction the writer uses his imagination. He does not have to stick to the facts. He can exaggerate and stretch reality. However, in a fact file, the writer has to write only the actual facts.

Write what the following were used for by the Robinson family :

(The answers are given directly and underlined.)
Gourds: to make excellent bowls and spoons.Grass: to soften the floor of the tent.Knotted rope : to create a ladder.Sledge: to transport materials.
“Mother wished to shift the family to a tree- house.”Give reasons.
Mother wished to shift the family to a tree-house because their current camp was not only exposed but also very dry and hot. She wanted a house that would be safe from jackals and other animals.

Find the meanings of the following compound words :

1. armloads 2. driftwood
1. armloads – the amount that can be carried in one arm or both the arms.
2. driftwood – pieces of wood that are floating on the water.

Give the noun forms of the following

1. measure – measurement2. describe – description.

Pick out the conjunctions in the following sentences :

1. They set up a tent and softened the floor with grass.2. Elizabeth informed William that she wanted the family to move to a safer place.

Answers-

1. and2. that

What quality or qualities, according to you, does Elizabeth’s decision to move to a safer place show?

Elizabeth’s decision to move to a safer place shows her foresight and knowledge of the environment It also shows her intelligence.

Say if the following sentences are Right or Wrong:

The family found a wonderful, ready cave for their winter home. WrongElizabeth was idle when the others were busy. WrongThey made windows for sunlight to enter the cave. RightFather and Jack rigged up a new light. Right

How did the mother occupy herself while the tree house was being built?

When the tree house was being built the mother looked after the vegetable garden and grew healthy plants. Corn, melons, pumpkins and cucumbers were already growing.

What was the third place the family decided to reside in? Why did they wish to shift there?

The third place the family decided to reside in was a cave. They wished to shift there to create a place safe from the elements during the coming winter. The cave could also be a strong storage spot to protect themselves and their belongings.

Find the meanings of the following compound words :

1. cross-currents2. fireplace
1. cross-currents – currents of air-flow across a room.2. fireplace – an open recess for holding a fire at the base of a chimney.

Using prefixes, form the antonyms of:

1. complete × incomplete2. healthy × unhealthy.

Frame Wh-questions to get the underlined parts as the answer :

1. On the smooth surface of the rock, father i marked dimensions.2. Only the father and Fritz travelled to the woods.

Answers-

1. Where did father mark dimensions? 2. Who travelled to the woods?

What is your opinion about the father, based on the passage?

I think that the father is very resourceful and knowledgeable. He found plants from the forest which would provide them with wax for candles and rubbery sap for boots. He realized that winter would be difficult in the tree as they would be exposed to the elements. So he worked hard and intelligently to build a cave. If he found that anything was lacking, he tried to provide it, like fitting a lamp in the cave. He cared for and looked sifter his family well.

Name the following :

The person who had inspired the search : Jenny’s father.The place where the British vessel was headed towards : New Switzerland.The person who wanted to marry Jenny : Fritz.The person who wanted a chance to receive an academic education : Franz.

How does the adventure come to a happy end?

The adventure comes to a happy end after the family and Jenny are rescued by a British vessel. The survivors were in good health and decisions were unanimously made about who wanted to stay on the island and who wanted to leave. Fritz told his parents about his love for Jenny and his wish to marry her. So everyone was finally happy.

Who is included in the word ‘Everyone’ in ‘Everyone was amazed

The word ‘Everyone’ includes the passengers and crew of the British vessel which had rescued the family.

Find the meanings of the following words :

spyglasssavagescrewsurvivors

Answer:

spyglass – binoculars or a small telescope.savages – wild men.crew – the people who work on a ship.survivors – the people who have survived or

Pick out the subordinate clauses from the following sentences :

1. They saw a ship which had laid anchor.2. Jenny asked if anyone would support her return to England.

Answers-

1.subordinate clause – which had laid anchor. 2. subordinate clause – if anyone would support her return to England.

The end of the novel states that Jack and Ernest chose to stay back on the island instead of returning to England. Can you guess the reasons why they made this choice?

One reason could be that they had been very young when they were marooned on the island, and this was their life now. The second reason was that they probably did not want to leave their parents alone without support.
Language Study Activities(based on vocabulary and grammar)
Note: As per the latest activity sheet formal. 5 simple activities. 3 medium level activities and 2 challenging activities will be asked. Students are expected to attempt any 4 simple activities, any 2 medium level activities and any I challenging activity. However, we have given more activities in each prose lesson for better study of language study section.

Write two compound words from the lesson.

spyglass, Englishwoman

Make a meaningful sentence using the phrase ‘the next morning’.

The next morning, the rain had stopped and the sky was clear.

Spot the error and correct the sentence :

Everyone were amazed at the good health of the survivors. ;

Everyone was amazed at the good health of the survivors.

Pick out the infinitive from the sentence :

Fritz, Ernest, Jack and Franz were left to survive alone.

Infinitive – to survive.

Identify the type of sentence :

Do not despair.

Imperative Sentence

Find out two hidden words from the word : ‘informed’

informed – inform, deform, (friend, fiend).

Form the past participle of a verb from the lesson in which the last letter is doubled.

knot – knotted

Arrange these words in alphabetical order :

platform, produce, perfect, pinnace

perfect, pinnace, platform, produce

One day, they saw a ship.

(Change the voice starting A ship…..’.)

A ship was seen by them one day.

Use the word ‘might’ in two separate sentences, the word having different meanings (homographs) :

(a) The little boy pulled at the rope with all his might.(b) It might rain tonight.

They created a ladder.(Use the past perfect tense of the verb.)

They had created a ladder.

His father suggested that ‘smoking rock’ sounded like a reference to a volcano.(Rewrite using direct speech.)

His father said, ‘Smoking rock’ sounds like a reference to a volcano”.

Use the word ‘wish’ as a noun and a verb in two separate sentences.

(a) The fairy granted the poor girl her wish, (noun)(b) “I wish I had a beautiful dress,” said Cinderella. (verb)

Elizabeth informed William that she wanted the family to move to a safer place. (Pick out the clauses)

Elizabeth informed William-Main Clause that she wanted the family to move to a safer place-Subordinate Clause

1.3 Have you ever seen…?

Textbook Questions and Answers
Warming Up:

1. Words that have the same spelling, but differ in meaning when used in different contexts are called homographs. For example,

(a) A temple fair attracts a lot of crowd.Her performance in the test was fair.(b) A rose is the king of flowers.The sun rose with a golden glow.Think of 5 homographs and list them below. Then write 2 sentences of your own, to bring out the difference in meanings.
Think of five homographs and list them down. Then write two sentences of your own, to bring out the difference in meaning :Words that have the same spelling but differ in meaning when used in different contexts are called homographs.
Homographs1. bow(a) The prince slowly put down the bow and arrow.(b) “Should I bow if I see the king?” asked the little boy.2. content (a) One should always be content with what one has.(b) You must always check the nutritional content of what you eat.3. live (a) One must learn to live within one’s means.(b) It is dangerous to touch a live wire.4. minute (a) His voice was getting louder every minute.(b) There were minute particles of dust in the air.5. tear (a) A tear fell from the eye of the old woman.(b) “Tear the paper into four pieces,” said the teacher.
2. When words with the same spelling or pronunciation are used in such a way that they convey more than one meaning, the figure of speech involved is called pun. A pun is a play upon words. For example,A: Hello! How’s life?B: Hell, O! It’s a strife.Find other examples of pun with the help of your parents/teacher.
………………….………………..………………….………………….

3. In poetry, when a question is asked, not to get an answer, but to emphasise a point or fact, it is an example of Interrogation.

For example :When can their glory fade?Isn’t it time for the autumn’s glow?From a popular book of poems/the internet, write down 3-4 examples of Interrogation used in poetry.
………………….………………….………………….………………….
Answer:
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?If you prick us, do we not bleed?What’s in a name?
English Workshop:
1. From each line in the poem, pick out the word that is a homograph. Write its meaning in the context of the phrase used in the poem. Then write the other meaning implied in the question.

2. Write 2 lines from this poem which you find most humorous. Justify your choice.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. Can you tickle the ribs of a parasol?I find this humorous because I can just imagine someone tickling the spokes of an umbrella and trying to get it to respond!2. Does the needle ever wink its eye?I find this humorous because I think of myself holding a needle that is winking!

3. Find from the poem, three examples of each :

(a) Interrogation1. …………………….2. ……………………3. ……………………
(b) Pun1. …………………….2. ……………………3. ……………………
(c) Personification1. …………………….2. ……………………3. ……………………
(d) Alliteration1. …………………….2. ……………………3. ……………………
(a) Interrogation :
Have you seen a sheet on a river bed?Does the needle ever wink its eye?Are the teeth of a rake ever going to bite?
(b) Pun :
Has the foot of the mountain any toes?Can you tickle the ribs of a parasol?Have the hands of a clock any left or right?
(c) Personification :
Has the foot of the mountain any toes?Does the needle ever wink its eye?Can you tickle the ribs of a parasol?
(d) Alliteration :
Or a single hair from a hammer’s head?Or open the trunk of a tree at all?And what is the sound of the birch’s bark?
4. Form groups of four or five. Think, discuss and add at least one more stanza, using the same style and devices as the poet has used. It should include homographs, interrogation and the same rhythm and rhyme scheme.
Have/Does/Are ………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………..Answer:
Do elephants bathe with their trunks on, all in a batch?Have scientists created a flea from scratch?Are the bees having a house swarming party with honey?Did the lion spit out the clown because he tasted funny?

5. Read the following sentences carefully. Then fill in the blanks using appropriate words from the brackets, to make puns.

(struck, numbered, too tired, developed, put down, homeless, old fashioned, reaction)
She had a photographic memory but never …………………He was struggling to work out how lightning works when it …………………Every calendar’s days are …………………A bicycle cannot stand on its own because it is …………………I’m reading a book on anti-gravity. It’s impossible to ……………….. the book.I’d tell you a chemistry joke but I know I wouldn’t get …………………What do you call Watson when Sherlock isn’t around?………………..I would tell a history joke, but it is too ………………..
Answer:
She had a photographic memory but never developed it.He was struggling to work out how lightning works when it struck him.Every calendar’s days are numbered.A bicycle cannot stand on its own because it is too tired.I’m reading a book on anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put down the book.I’d tell you a chemistry joke but I know I wouldn’t get a reaction.What do you call Watson when Sherlock isn’t around? homeless.I would tell a history joke, but it is too old-fashioned.
6. ‘Read: ‘Alice in Wonderland’ – by Lewis Carroll.

Read the following poem carefully and complete the activities :

Fill in the blanks :(The answers are given directly and underlined.)
The poet wonders if:
the teeth of a rake will ever bite.the foot of a mountain has any toes.the ribs of an umbrella can be tickled.there can be a sheet on a river bed.

What does the poet want to know about a hammer?

The poet asks if anyone has seen a single hair on the head of a hammer.

What is the pun in the word ‘plot’ here?

A plot means ‘an evil or wicked plan’. A plot ’ also means an area in a garden or some place. The poet asks how a garden ‘plot’ (one meaning of the word) can be evil and dark (the other meaning of the word).

Find the rhyming words from the poem.

Stanza 1 – bed-head, toes-hose.Stanza 2 – eye-fly, parasol-all.Stanza 3 – bite-right, dark-bark.

1.4 Have you thought of the verb ‘have’ …

Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Add sentences to those given in the passage to illustrate the uses of ‘have’ :

(a) To show possession(b) To indicate relationship(c) To refer to eating/drinking(d) To show ownership(e) To refer to events, activities and experiences(f) To refer to a physical condition

Add sentences to those given in the passage to illustrate the uses of ‘have’ :

(a) To show possession :
I have a new motorcycle.The children have identical school bags,My neighbour has three dogs.(b) To indicate relationship :
I have a sister in Holland.Do you have any siblings?I have an aunt who is a singer.(c) To refer to eating/drinking :
We usually have dinner at eight o’clock.May I have that last piece of cake?Have some juice if you are thirsty.(d) To show ownership :
Our building has two lifts.The company has two manufacturing units.They have retail outlets throughout the country.(e) To refer to events, activities and experiences :
We had a wonderful time at the picnic.They have a funfair in their building every month.Our children had a drawing exam yesterday.(f) To refer to a physical condition :
My friend had fever last night.My mother has a toothache quite often.I have a broken nail which is painful.
2. Look up the following verbs in a good dictionary. List at least 20 different uses of each. You may include their use with different prepositions, adverbs or in idioms.

1.5 The Necklace

Textbook Questions and Answers

Talking About Myself :

1. Write a few lines about yourself – your name, appearance, family, the place where you live, your school, your friends, neighbours, relatives, your likes, dislikes, hobbies, what you are good at, etc.
Now create an imaginary ‘persona’ for yourself. It can be quite different from your real self. Or, you may choose a fictional character – a character from a novel, story, etc. Write a few lines about this imaginary persona and introduce yourself in that role.

My Dream Possession :

Is there something that you would like to own more than anything else? Describe your dream possession with the help of the following points. You may add your own points, too.

Part – I

English Workshop :

1. Read each of the following sentences aloud. Write who said it and to whom.

(a) “Look, here’s something for you.”(b) “Why, the dress you go to the theatre in!”(c) “I would rather not go to the party.”(d) “Choose, my dear.”(e) “You have nothing else?”(f) “Would you lend lue this, just this?”(g) “What ! … how ! … That’s impossible!”

“Look, here’s something for you.”

Mathilde’s husband said this to Mathilde.

“Why, the dress you go to the theatre in!”

Mathilde’s husband said this to Mathilde.

“I would rather not go to the party.”

Mathilde said this to her husband.

“Choose, my dear.”

Madame Forestier said this to Mathilde.

“You have nothing else?”

Mathilde said this to Madame Forestier.

“Would you lend me this, just this?”

Mathilde said this to Madame Forestier.

2. Write a few lines about what Mathilde had and what she dreamt about.

Mathilde had plain dresses and a shabby, poorly furnished house. She dreamt of a grand. palatial mansion, with vast rooms and inviting smaller rooms, perfumed for afternoon chats with close friends.

3. Write what you think about the following thoughts and actions of Mathilde.

(a) Mathilde was beautiful, and so she wanted to marry an aristocrat.(b) Mathilde was sad because she did not get any luxuries.(c) Mathilde felt that her house was shabby and poorly furnished.(d) Mathilde wanted other people to envy her.(e) Mathilde was not happy to see the invitation.(f) Mathilde wanted a new dress for herself.(g) Mathilde borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend and wore it to the party.(h) Mathilde lost the necklace.

Mathilde was beautiful and so she wanted to many an aristocrat.

I think that this is a natural but childish wish. What Mathilde does not realize is that happiness does not lie in money or status. It depends on the character of a person.

Mathilde was sad because she did not get any luxuries.

I feel sympathetic towards Mathilde. Everyone wants luxuries, but not everyone can get them. Mathilde should have realized this and been content with whatever she had. She should have tried to improve her living conditions in some way.

Mathilde felt that her house was shabby and poorly furnished.

This shows Mathilde’s inability to deal with reality. Mathilde should have tried to make the house a home by keeping it clean and doing things with love, instead of looking at the material things that were there.

Mathilde wanted other people to envy her.

This is a very natural feeling. To some extent, we all want others to admire and envy us; but Mathilde should have kept this feeling under control.

Mathilde was not happy to see the invitation.

This Is a natural reaction on her part, for she wanted to be well-dressed and look pretty when she went to an important party. However, she should not have disappointed her husband by immediately showing her unhappiness. She could have later presented her case less bluntly.

Mathilde wanted a new dress for herself.

Mathilde was young and pretty and wanted new things. But she should have first asked her husband what he had saved the money for, and then decided what was more important – her dress or his gun. He was very generous and she should also have shown some genuine consideration.

Mathilde borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend and wore it to the party.

Mathilde should not have borrowed such an expensive necklace just to show off. One should never borrow expensive things from others.

Mathilde lost the necklace.

Mathilde was very thrilled by her own triumph at the party. She forgot everything in the revelry. In my opinion, she should have taken care and not been so Irresponsible, especially when she was wearing borrowed jewels.

5. Read the following :

The necklacean errorall these thingsanother womanone eveningher husband.
1. In all these phrases we see some words used before the nouns.
2. They specify or make it clear what noun we are talking about. These words that are used at the beginning of a noun phrase are known as determiners.
3. Determiners include articles (a, an, the), possessive pronouns (my, our, your, her, etc.), demonstratives (words like this, that), quantifiers (much, many, etc.), numerals, etc.

4. Write your phrases using each of type of determiner.

my daughter, his clothes, your umbrella

Write your own phrases using the articles a, an, the

a house, a flower, an invitation, an enquiry, the Arabian Sea, the Himalayas

Write your own phrases using the ; demonstratives (this, that, these, those) :

this tree, that building, these flowers, those hills.

Write your own phrases using the following quantifiers :

1. much2. many

Answer:

1. much trouble, much hope2. many apples, many trees

Part – II

Write what you think about the following thoughts and actions of Mathilde :

Mathilde despaired over the loss of her necklace.

Mathilde was frightened that she had lost a j valuable necklace and she would have to replace it. She realised her mistake in borrowing such a valuable jewel. Anyone else in her place would have felt the same.

Mathilde wrote a note to her friend as dictated by her husband.

I think that Mathilde realized her foolishness and was now willing to listen to whatever her husband i said to make good the loss of the necklace.

Mathilde and her husband decided to replace the necklace.

Yes, that was the right thing to do, for Mathilde had borrowed the necklace. Madame Forestier had been generous to give it. Mathilde could not allow her friend to suffer a loss because of her foolishness.

Mathilde returned the diamond necklace to her friend.

There was no other option for her under the circumstances. Mathilde was foolish but honest. She also had enough pride not to want to be in debt.

Mathilde did not tell her friend about the loss and the replacement.

I think that Mathilde was proud and did not want to accept her carelessness in front of her friend.

Mathilde worked very very hard to pay the debt.

I appreciate Mathilde for working very hard even though she did not like it. She did this in order to pay off the debt which she had got into because of her foolishness in borrowing the necklace.

Mathilde and her husband paid off the debt in ten years.

I respect both Mathilde and her husband for working so hard for so many years, and living in poverty in order to pay off the debt. They did not take any easy way out.

Mathilde told her friend about the lost necklace.

Maybe it was a foolish action on Mathilde’s part. Mathilde will now feel terrible when she knows that she wasted ten years of her life struggling to replace the imitation necklace.

3. Form pairs. Discuss how ‘Part II’ of the story could have been different. Write your storyline in the form of bullets showing the main events.

4. Imagine what must have happened after Mathilde’s friend discovered that the diamonds were real. Do you think she would return the necklace to Mathilde? Would that make Mathilde happy?

Mathilde’s friend, Madame Forestier, has been shown to be a kind-hearted and generous woman. She was also rich. So she would have probably returned the necklace to Mathilde. Mathilde, proud but greedy, would probably have taken it and been happy. But she would have been unhappy over the lost years of her youth.
5. Discuss the following and write about each in your own words in 5-6 lines.(a) What would you do, if something like this happens to you?(b) What opinion do you form about Mathilde’s husband from her story?(c) Which events in the story (Part I and Part II) changed Mathilde’s life?

6. Read, recall and remember. Read the table of verb forms given below.

The base form is used as an infinitive: You may go. She will go, in orders: Go home; and in the simple present tense: I go to school. We go home. Do you go there every day? The children/They go up, etc.
Note that we use the ‘-s form’ with ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, third-person singular subjects to show the simple present.
The past tense form has ‘-ed’ at the end. But many commonly used verbs have different past tense forms.Examples: came, went, spoke.
The ‘-ing’ form is known as the present participle. It is used with forms of ‘be’ to show continuous actionExamples: I am eating You were eating She was eating It is also used in certain constructions like He sat copying a manuscript.
The past participle used with forms of ‘have’ shows completed action –Examples: I have eaten. They have come, etc.It is also used in certain constructions like ‘They looked at each other, stunned! It is also used in passive constructions.(a) Make a table of verb forms for your own reference. Try to arrange the verbs in alphabetical order. Keep adding new verbs to your table from time to time. When you write, check your work to see whether you have used the correct verb form.(b) List at least 10 verbs, the last letter of which is doubled in the present participle.Example: put – putting(c) List at least 10 verbs, the last letter of which is doubled in the past participle.Example: write – written(d) List at least 10 verbs, the last letter of which is doubled in the past tense form.Example: sob – sobbed.
Read: ‘The Gift of the Magi’ by O. Henry.
Read the following passages carefully and complete the activities:

Write whether the following statements are True or False:

Mathilde was born into a rich family. FalseMathilde was content with what she had. FalseMathilde had no rich dresses or jewels. TrueMathilde was wedded to an aristocrat. False

Why was Mathilde married to a ‘minor official’?

Mathilde, a pretty and charming girl, was born into a family of clerks. She had no means of becoming known, understood, loved or be wedded to an aristocrat. So she was married to a ‘minor official’,

Why did Mathilde weep with misery after visiting her schoolmate?

Mathilde had no rich dresses and no jewels, and these were the only things she loved. She found that her schoolmate, who was rich, had all the things that she, Mathilde, wanted so desperately. Hence, she wept with regret, despair and misery after visiting her schoolmate.

Match the following nouns with their adjective

A B1. minor (d) official2. shabby (a) house3. palatial (b) mansion4. close (c) friends

She dreamed of a grand, palatial mansion. (Frame a wh-question to get the underlined words as the answer.)

What did she dream of?

She suffered because of her shabby house. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word.)

Her suffering was because of her shabby

Is anyone entitled to all the luxuries of life due to reasons of birth or other innate qualities?

No, I don’t think that a person is entitled to all the luxuries of life due to reasons of birth or other innate qualities. A person must work hard to acquire the luxuries and not get them just because of his birth. Only when he/she works hard will he/she I know the real value of things.

What did the envelope hold?

The envelope held an invitation for a party at the Ministry of Education.

Was the husband a considerate person? How do we know that?

The husband was very happy to give Mathilde the invitation to the party for he felt that she would be pleased. When she began to cry, he was distressed to see her tears. When he realized that she wanted to buy a dress for the party, he sacrificed the money he had saved to buy himself a gun for a hunting summer with friends. He gave her the money for her new dress. This shows that the husband was a considerate person.

Match the words with their meanings :

A B1. triumph (d) victory2. computing (c) calculating3. stunned (a) shocked4. stuttered (b) stammered

He hadn’t thought of that.(Add a question tag.)

He hadn’t thought of that, had he?

One evening her husband came home with an air of triumph.(Replace the underlined phrase with an adverb.)

One evening her husband came home triumphantly.

Which sentences tell us that Mathilde greatly desired the necklace?

The following sentences tell us that Mathilde greatly desired the necklace :
Her heart began to beat with uncontrolled desire. Her hands trembled as she took it. She fastened it around her neck and stood lost in ecstasy.Then she asked anxiously, hesitating, “Would you lend me this, just this?”She threw her arms around her friend’s neck rapturously, then fled with her treasure.

Write down two adjectives from the passage that describe Mathilde :

sad, restless (anxious, strange).

Write down the adjective forms of:

ecstasy – ecstaticfashion – fashionable.

She kept asking, “You have nothing else?” (Rewrite as an affirmative sentence.)

She kept asking, “Is this all you have?”

“You’ve been acting strange these last three days.” (Rewrite as a negative sentence.)

“You’ve not been acting normally these last three days.”
Personal Response :

Try to express the thoughts that must have passed through Mathilde’s mind on seeing the necklace?

On seeing the necklace, Mathilde must have thought: “Oh, how beautiful I will look with these diamonds round my neck I will be the prettiest woman at the party. All the others will crowd round me and admire me. I will be the most elegant and gracious woman there. Everyone will envy me!”

Write who said the following sentences and to whom :

“What! … how! … That’s impossible!”
Mathilde’s husband said this to Mathilde.
“What’s the matter?”
Mathilde’s husband said this to Mathilde.

Why did Mathilde not notice the loss of her necklace earlier? ;

Mathilde was a great success at the party. She was full of joy for she was prettier than all the other women. She danced wildly, with passion, forgetting everything in the triumph of her success, floating in a cloud of happiness. In all this excitement, she did not notice the loss of her necklace.

Pick out four adverbs ending in ‘-ly’ from the passage.

wildly, finally, sadly, suddenly.

Write the adverb forms of the following :

prettyelegantgraciousimpossible

Answer:

prettilyelegantlygraciouslyimpossibly.

Rewrite the following conversation in Indirect Speech :

“You could wear flowers,” he said. “They are very fashionable at this time of the year.”

He said that she could wear flowers, and s that they were very fashionable at that time of the year.

She threw her arms round her friend’s neck.(Pick out the subject and predicate.)

Subject – ShePredicate – threw her arms round her friend’s neck.

Write two compound words of your own

daydream, candle-stick

Make a meaningful sentence using the phrase ‘with an air of triumph’

The magician drew out a rabbit from the hat with an air of triumph.

Spot the error and correct the sentence :You’ve be acting strange these last three days.

You’ve been acting strange these last three days.

Pick out the infinitive from the given sentence :He had been saving that exact amount to buy a gun.

to buy

Identify the type of sentence :What is the matter?

Interrogative sentence

Pick out the word that cannot be formed using the letters of the given word :

fashionable – fashion, blush, sheaf, shineAnswer:blush

Form a present participle in which the last letter is doubled.

control – controlling

Write the following words in alphabetical order :

stuttered, treasure, strange, tormented.
strange, stuttered, tormented, treasur

Make a word chain of 4 adjectives : charming →

charming → gracious → sad → delicate → elegant.

Mathilde saw some bracelets. (Use simple future tense of the verb.)

Mathilde will see some bracelets.

She threw the invitation on the table. (Change the voice beginning ‘The invitation ’.)

The invitation was thrown on the table by her.

One evening her husband said to her, “What’s the matter?” (Rewrite using indirect speech.)

One evening her husband asked her what the matter was.

When they were finally in the street, they could not find a cab.(Pick out the clauses and state the type.)

they could not find a cab – Main Clause, when they were finally in the street – Subordinate clause.
“Would you lend me this, just this?”

(Pick out the modal auxiliary and state the function.)

would – permission

What efforts did Loisel make to find the necklace?

Loisel and Mathilde searched through her clothes to find the necklace. But they could not find it. Then Loisel went out and walked back over the whole route they had taken to see if he could find it. He went to the police, to the newspapers to offer a reward, to the cab companies, and everywhere that the tiniest glimmer of hope led him.

What was the arrangement with the jeweller? Do you think it was fair?

Madame and M. Loisel found the string of diamonds they were looking for. The price was thirty- six thousand francs. They needed time to raise that much money, and they pleaded with the jeweller not to sell it to anyone for three days. They made an arrangement that the jeweller would buy it back for thirty-four thousand francs if the other necklace was found before the end of February. Yes, I think the deal was quite fair.

Why did Madame Forestier speak coldly to Mathilde?

Mathilde had returned the borrowed necklace after a long delay. Madame Forestier felt that she should have returned it sooner for she, Madame Forestier, might have needed it. She probably felt that Mathilde had taken advantage of her goodness and hence spoke coldly to her.

What is implied in the expression ‘a hollow, pale figure’?

It means an unhappy, exhausted person.

Give the meaning of the following expressions :

1. a glimmer of hope2. her mind blank.
1. a glimmer of hope – a slight chance of success. 2. her mind blank – without having any thoughts.

Make sentences of your own using the following expressions :

1. lost all hope2. sick with grief and anguish
1. The rescuers have lost all hope of saving the trapped animal.2. When Meena’s cat died, she was sick with grief and anguish.

Rewrite the following sentences as compound sentences :

1. They went from jeweller to jeweller, looking for a necklace like the other one. 2. At the end of one week they had lost all hope.

Answers-

1. They went from jeweller to jeweller and looked for a necklace like the other one.2. It was the end of one week and they had lost all hope.

Complete the following sentences :

(The answers are given directly and underlined.)

The dreadful debt must be paid.They rented a garret under the roof.

What is meant by the horrible life of the very poor?

The horrible life of the very poor means the very difficult and tiring life of the very poor, who have to live in terrible conditions and work extremely hard to make ends meet.

Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives from the passage :

………… life………… labours………….. debt……………. linen
Answer:
horrible lifeodious laboursdreadful debtdirty linen.

Rewrite the following sentences as assertive sentences :

1. What would have happened if she had not lost that necklace?2. How little is needed for one to be ruined or saved!
1. She wondered what would have happened if she had not lost that necklace.2. Very little is needed for one to be ruined or saved.

What contrast is implied by the use of necklace. She wanted to tell her that she had been the word ‘still’ in still young, still beautiful, still through some hard times because of her friend and charming?

It means that Mathilde looked old after ten years. while Madame Forestier looked young. beautiful and charming even after ten years.

Why did Mathilde decide to speak to her friend?

Mathilde felt emotional. She decided to speak to her friend and tell her the story of the necklace. She wanted to tell her that she had been through some hard times because of her friend and her necklace. She also felt proud that she had tricked her friend and given her not the same necklace she had borrowed but a similar one.

Give the noun forms of the following :

charming – charmastonished – astonishmentfamiliarly – familiarityremember – remembrance.

Pick out the main clauses in the following sentences :

1. You say that you bought a diamond necklace to replace mine.2. One day, as she was walking in the Champs Elysees, she saw Madame Forestier.
1. You say – Main Clause.2. One day she saw Madame Forestier – Main Clause.

Write two compound words from the lesson.

newspaper, money-lender.

Punctuate :she went up to her and said good morning jeanne

She went up to her and said, “Good morning, Jeanne.”

Make a meaningful sentence using the following phrase : before the end of February

The snow had vanished before the end of February.

Spot the error and correct the sentence : They was dropped off at their door.

They were dropped off at their door.

Use the word ‘stopping’ as a present participle it in your own sentence.

Stopping on the way, she bought some groceries.

Identify the type of sentence: Oh, my poor Mathilde!

Exclamatory Sentence

Find out two hidden words from the given word : familiarly

familiarly – familiar, family (frail, rally)

Form a past participle in which the last letter is doubled.

beg – begged

“I’m going back,” he said.(Rewrite in indirect speech.)

He said that he was going back.

Each month they had to pay some loans. (Change the voice.)

Some loans had to be paid each month by them. / Each month some loans had to be paid by them.

Use the word ‘made’ and its homophone in two sentences of your own.

(a) The salad was made in the hotel for a special occasion.(b) Suman always treated her maid with courtesy.

It seemed to be exactly what they were looking for. (Rewrite using the past perfect progressive tense of the underlined verb.)

It seemed to be exactly what they had been looking for.

Use the following word in two separate sentences, once as a noun and once as a verb :clasp

(a) I lost a valuable bracelet as the clasp was weak, (noun)(b) I saw the poor woman clasp the doctor’s hands in gratitude, (verb)

Madame Forestier, astonished to be addressed so familiarly, did not recognize her.(Rewrite as a compound sentence.)

Madame Forestier was astonished to be addressed so familiarly and did not recognize her.

List at least ten verbs, the last letter of which is doubled in the present participle.

sit – sitting, dig – digging, run – running, hit – hitting, knit – knitting, bat – batting, forget – forgetting, jog – jogging, begin – beginning, plan – planning.

List at least ten verbs, one last letter of S which is doubled in the past participle.

bite – bitten, fall – fallen, hide – hidden, rot – rotten, stop – stopped, prefer – preferred, rub – rubbed, slip – slipped, bar – barred, occur – occurred.

List at least ten verbs, the last letter of which is doubled in the past tense form.

rob – robbed; knot – knotted, flit – flitted, jog – jogged, tip – tipped, tug – tugged, beg – begged, emit – emitted, rot – rotted, plan – planned.